Thursday, October 23, 2025

Soccer Heading Does Most Damage to Brain Area Critical for Cognition

 

A groundbreaking study from Columbia University Irving Medical Center has revealed that repeatedly heading a soccer ball may harm a crucial region of the brain responsible for learning, memory, and decision-making. Using advanced MRI scans, researchers found structural damage in the orbitofrontal cortex area just behind the forehead among frequent soccer players who head the ball over 1,000 times per year.

The study examined over 350 adult amateur players and compared their brain images with those of non-contact athletes. Results showed that repetitive heading caused microstructural changes at the white-gray matter interface, leading to decreased performance on cognitive tests. Surprisingly, these effects were observed even in players without a history of concussion, suggesting that sub-concussive impacts can still alter brain function.

Experts warn that while heading is an integral part of the game, moderation is key. Coaches are advised to limit excessive heading drills and prioritize player safety especially in youth leagues where the brain is still developing.

This research underscores a vital message: protecting the brain is just as important as scoring a goal. Future studies aim to define a “safe threshold” for heading frequency and explore long-term cognitive effects in soccer athletes.

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